typographic figures

Living
1. ed denguiat - usa - worked at esquire and joined photo-lettering inc. credited with more than 600 typefaces, among them itc souvenir, itc tiffany, and itc bauhaus.
2. hermann zapf - germany - designed his first typeface at the age of 20. one of the few type designers to produce in metal, phototypesetting, and computer
3. matthew carter - england, usa - experience in metal type, phototype, and digital type, excelled in making an array of typefaces and later got in to selling fonts.
4. zuzana licko - czechoslovakia, usa - not trained in typography but designed fonts for the intro of the macintosh. her type is not longer constrained by technologie.
5. erik spiekermann - germany, usa - ran a basement printing press to fund college, established fontshop international.

Dead
1. erhard ratdolt - germany/italy - designed and printed perhaps the first recorded type specimen sheet in 1486, showcasing his black letter, Roman and Greek type face designs.
2. claude garamond - france - was one of the first to punch cutters to work independently and sell his fonts to printers.
3. francesco griffo da bologna - italy - created te first italic typeface in 1499.
4. robert granjon - france/netherlands/italy - designed civilite, a black letter script in the late 1550s that was broadly used in france.
5. jean jannon - derived from the typeface of claude garamond, jannon created a roman and italic typeface in 1621 for his own use because of its similarity however, jannon's typefaces were initially mistaken as garamonds.

{graphic design refrenced}